London - Scientists have discovered a new defensive weapon, a cytoskeletal protein called septin, which is deployed by humans cells to cage the invading Shigella bacteria that causes potentially fatal human diarrhea.
According to Pascale Cossart and Serge Mostowy, both Ph.D., the septin cages not only targeted the pathogens for degradation by autophagy, the cell’s internal garbage disposal system, but also prevented the Shigella bacteria from spreading to other cells by impeding the pathogens’ access to actin, a different component of the cell skeleton.
Shigella requires actin to rocket around the host cell before punching into an adjacent cell, said the Pasteur researchers, who made their discovery in human cells grown in culture in the laboratory.
First discovered in yeast as rings that pinch off dividing cells, septins are Guanosine-5’-triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins that are integral to a cell's dynamic skeleton.
Cossart, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigator, and Mostowy continue to investigate the properties of the individual septins, which total 14 in humans, to understand how they associate with other proteins as parts of complex nano-machines.
The study was recently presented at the American Society for Cell Biology Annual Meeting (ASCB) in Denver.
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