This Day in History
Today: January 31, 2026
314
Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.[1]
1208
The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the throne as King Eric X of Sweden.[2]
1504
The Treaty of Lyon ends the Italian War, confirming French domination of northern Italy, while Spain receives the Kingdom of Naples.
1578
Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War: The Battle of Gembloux is a victory for Spanish forces led by Don John of Austria over a rebel army of Dutch, Flemish, English, Scottish, German, French and Walloons.[3]
1606
Gunpowder Plot: Four of the conspirators, including Guy Fawkes, are executed for treason by hanging, drawing and quartering, for plotting against Parliament and King James.[4]
1609
Wisselbank of Amsterdam established [5]
1747
The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital.
1814
Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (present-day Argentina).
1846
After the Milwaukee Bridge War, the United States towns of Juneautown and Kilbourntown unify to create the City of Milwaukee.[6]
1848
John C. Frémont is court-martialed for mutiny and disobeying orders.
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