This Day in History
Today: February 23, 2026
1076
Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate,[1] Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.[2]
1316
The Battle of Picotin, between Ferdinand of Majorca and the forces of Matilda of Hainaut, ends in victory for Ferdinand.[3]
1371
Robert II becomes King of Scotland, beginning the Stuart dynasty.[4]
1495
King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne.[5]
1632
Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, the dedicatee, receives the first printed copy of Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems.[6]
1651
St. Peter's Flood: A storm surge floods the Frisian coast, drowning 15,000 people.[7]
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