Climate change, imbalance in fertiliser use kill soils organic carbon: ICAR study

Climate change, imbalance in fertiliser use kill soils organic carbon: ICAR study

## Depleted Soil Carbon Threatens Agricultural Stability, Major Study Reveals

A comprehensive analysis of over two hundred thousand soil samples has revealed a concerning trend: declining levels of organic carbon are significantly impacting soil health and agricultural productivity across key regions. The extensive study, conducted by a team of leading soil scientists, points to a complex interplay of factors, including the effects of climate change and imbalances in fertilizer application, as primary drivers of this degradation. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to replenish soil carbon and safeguard long-term food security.

The research highlights the vital role of soil organic carbon (SOC) in maintaining healthy and productive agricultural ecosystems. SOC acts as a crucial reservoir of nutrients, improves water retention, and enhances soil structure, all of which are essential for robust crop yields. The study’s data paints a stark picture, indicating a widespread depletion of SOC in many agricultural areas, leading to increased soil erosion, reduced water infiltration, and a diminished capacity to support plant growth.

Climate change, with its associated increases in temperature and altered precipitation patterns, is exacerbating the problem. Higher temperatures accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and further contributing to climate change in a detrimental feedback loop. Simultaneously, altered rainfall patterns can lead to increased erosion and nutrient runoff, further depleting SOC reserves.

The study also identifies imbalances in fertilizer use as a significant contributing factor. While fertilizers are essential for boosting crop yields, excessive or inappropriate application can disrupt the delicate balance of soil microorganisms responsible for organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. Over-reliance on synthetic fertilizers can also lead to a decline in the input of organic matter from crop residues and other natural sources, further contributing to SOC depletion.

The implications of declining SOC levels are far-reaching, extending beyond reduced agricultural productivity. Degraded soils are less resilient to extreme weather events, making them more vulnerable to droughts and floods. Furthermore, the loss of SOC contributes to climate change by releasing stored carbon into the atmosphere.

In light of these findings, the research team is advocating for a multi-pronged approach to address the crisis. Key recommendations include promoting sustainable agricultural practices that enhance SOC sequestration, such as no-till farming, cover cropping, and the incorporation of organic amendments like compost and manure. The researchers also emphasize the importance of balanced fertilizer application, tailored to the specific needs of the soil and crops, to minimize negative impacts on soil health.

Furthermore, the study underscores the need for increased investment in soil health monitoring and research. Accurate and up-to-date information on SOC levels is crucial for guiding effective management strategies and tracking progress towards sustainable soil management goals.

The findings of this comprehensive study serve as a wake-up call, highlighting the critical importance of protecting and restoring soil organic carbon. Addressing this challenge requires a concerted effort from governments, farmers, and researchers to implement sustainable agricultural practices and promote policies that prioritize soil health. The long-term viability of our agricultural systems, and indeed the health of our planet, depends on it. Failure to act decisively will not only jeopardize food security but also exacerbate the impacts of climate change, leaving future generations to inherit a legacy of degraded and unproductive land.

This article was created based on information from various sources and rewritten for clarity and originality.